DMRAID(8) DMRAID(8)
NAME
dmraid - discover, configure and activate software (ATA)RAID
SYNOPSIS
dmraid
{-a|--activate} {y|n|yes|no}
[-d|--debug]... [-v|--verbose]... [-i|--ignorelocking]
[-f|--format FORMAT[,FORMAT...]]
[{-P|--partchar} CHAR]
[-p|--no_partitions]
[--separator SEPARATOR]
[-t|--test]
[RAID-set...]
dmraid
{-b|--block_devices}
[-c|--display_columns][FIELD[,FIELD...]]...
[-d|--debug]... [-v|--verbose]...
[--separator SEPARATOR]
[device-path...]
dmraid
{-h|--help}
dmraid
{-l|--list_formats}
[-d|--debug]... [-v|--verbose]...
dmraid
{-n|--native_log}
[-d|--debug]... [-v|--verbose]... [-i|--ignorelocking]
[-f|--format FORMAT[,FORMAT...]]
[--separator SEPARATOR]
[device-path...]
dmraid
{-R| --rebuild}
RAID-set
[device-path]
dmraid
{-x| --remove}
[RAID-set]
dmraid
-f FORMAT-handler {-C| --create} set
--type raidlevel
[--size=setsize --strip stridesize]
--disk "device-path, device-path [, device-path ...]"
dmraid [ -f|--format FORMAT-handler] -S|--spare [RAID-set] -M|--media
"device-path"
dmraid
{-r|--raid_devices}
[-c|--display_columns][FIELD[,FIELD...]]...
[-d|--debug]... [-v|--verbose]... [-i|--ignorelocking]
[-D|--dump_metadata]
[-f|--format FORMAT[,FORMAT...]]
[--separator SEPARATOR]
[device-path...]
dmraid
{-r|--raid_devices}
[-d|--debug]... [-v|--verbose]... [-i|--ignorelocking]
[-E|--erase_metadata]
[-f|--format FORMAT[,FORMAT...]]
[--separator SEPARATOR]
[device-path...]
dmraid
{-s|--sets}...[a|i|active|inactive]
[-c|--display_columns][FIELD[,FIELD...]]...
[-d|--debug]... [-v|--verbose]... [-i|--ignorelocking]
[-f|--format FORMAT[,FORMAT...]]
[-g|--display_group]
[--separator SEPARATOR]
[RAID-set...]
dmraid
{-V/--version}
DESCRIPTION
dmraid discovers block and software RAID devices (eg, ATARAID) by using
multiple different metadata format handlers which support various for-
mats (eg, Highpoint 37x series). It offers activating RAID sets made
up by 2 or more discovered RAID devices, display properties of devices
and sets (see option -l for supported metadata formats). Block device
access to activated RAID sets occurs via device-mapper nodes /dev/map-
per/RaidSetName. RaidSetName starts with the format name (see -l
option) which can be used to access all RAID sets of a specific format
easily with certain options (eg, -a below).
OPTIONS
-a, --activate {y|n} [RAID set...]
Activates or deactivates all or particular software RAID set.
In case metadata format handlers are chosen with -f , only RAID
sets with such format(s) can be activated or deactivated. Use-
ful if devices have multiple metadata signatures. When activat-
ing RAID sets, -p disables the activation of partitions on them.
RAID set names given on command line don’t need to be fully
specified (eg, "dmraid -ay sil" would activate all discovered
Silicon Image Medley RAID sets).
{-b|--block_devices} [device-path...]
List all or particular discovered block devices with their prop-
erties (size, serial number). Add -c to display block device
names only and -cc for CSV column output of block device proper-
ties. See description of -c below for FIELD identifiers.
[-d|--debug]...
Enable debugging output. Opion can be given multiple times
increasing the debug output level.
[-c|--display_columns][FIELD[,FIELD...]]...
Display properties of block devices, RAID sets and devices in
column(s). Optional list specifying which FIELDs to display.
For -b:
d[evpath]|p[ath], sec[tors]|si[ze], ser[ialnumber].
For -r:
de[vpath]|p[ath], f[ormat], r[aidname], t[ype], st[atus],
se[ctors]|si[ze], da[taoffset]|o[ffset].
For -s:
f[ormat], r[aidname], t[ype], sta[tus], str[ide],
se[ctors]|si[ze], su[bsets], d[evices], sp[ares].
[-f|--format FORMAT[,FORMAT...]]
Use metadata format handler(s) to discover RAID devices. See -l
for a list of supported format handler names. This is useful to
select particular formats in case multiple metadata signatures
are found on a device. A comma seperated list of format names
can be specified which may not contain white space.
{-h|--help}
Display help text.
{-i|--ignorelocking}
Don’t take out any locks. Useful in early boot where no
read/write access to /var is available.
{-l|--list_formats}
List all available metadata format handlers with their names and
descriptions. Supported RAID levels are listed in parenthesis:
S: Span (concatination)
0: RAID0 (stripe)
1: RAID1 (mirror)
10: RAID10 (mirror on top of stripes)
01: RAID10 (stripe on top of mirrors) Note: Intel OROM displays
this as RAID10
{-n|--native_log} [device-path...]
Display metadata in native, vendor-specific format. In case a
metadata format handler is chosen with -f only RAID devices with
such format will be displayed in native format. If device-
path(s) is/are given on the command line, native metadata output
is restricted to those listed.
[{-P|--partchar} CHAR]
Use CHAR as the separator between the device name and the parti-
tion number.
{-R| --rebuild} RAID-set [device-path]
Rebuild raid array after a drive has failed and a new drive is
added. For Intel chipset based systems, there are two methods
in which a new drive is added to the system.
1. Using OROM to identify a new drive
During system reboot, enter OROM and mark the new drive as
the rebuild drive.
After booting to the OS, use the dmraid command to rebuild.
Example: dmraid -R raid_set
2. Using dmraid to identify a new drive
Boot to the OS and use the dmraid command with the new drive
as the second parameter.
Example: dmraid -R raid_set /dev/sdc
3. Using hot spare drive
Mark a drive as hot spare using the "dmraid -f isw -S" com-
mand. Then use the dmraid command to start the rebuild.
Example: dmraid -R raid_set
{-x|--remove} [RAID-set]
Delete one or all existing software RAID devices from the meta-
data.
-f FORMAT-handler {-C|--create} --type raidlevel [--size=setsize
--strip stripsize] --disk device-path, device-path [,device-path]
Delete one or all existing Configure a software RAID device and
store the configuration data in a group of hard drive devices
consisting of this array. This command requires the following
options:
-f FORMAT-handler
metadata format (see "dmraid -l")
--type digit[digit...]
specify the raid level of the software RAID set.
0: raid0
1: raid1
5: raid5
01: raid01 (isw raid10)
--size: [digits[k|K|m|M|g|G][b|B]]
specify the size of the RAID set.The number is an integer
followed by [kKmMgG] and/or [bB].
b: byte (default)
B: block (512 bytes)
K or K: on the base of 1024
m or M: on the base of 1024*1024
g or G: on the base of 1024*1024*1024
If this option is missing, it’s set to the default value pre-
configured by the vendor. Note that different vendors may apply
different constraints on the granularity of the size or the min-
imal value.
--strip: [digits[k|K|m|M|g|G][b|B]]
specify the strip size of a RAID1, RAID5, and RAID10 RAID
set (as above)
--disk: device-path[{,| }device-path...]
specify the array of the hard drives, e.g. /dev/sda.
-f FORMAT-handler -S -M device-path
-S -M device-path
This command adds hot spare support for one or more RAID sets.
1. When used with a format handler, which supports hot spare
sets (e.g. isw), a hot spare is marked to be used when rebuild-
ing any RAID set of that format. 2. When used when specifying a
RAID set, the drive is added to that RAID set and will be used
only to rebuild that set. Note: If the specified name does not
match an existing RAID-set, a set with the new name will be cre-
ated.
{-r|--raid_devices} [device-path...]
List all discovered RAID devices with format, RAID level, sec-
tors used and data offset into the device. In case a metadata
format handler is chosen with -f , only RAID devices with such
format can be discovered. Useful if devices have multiple meta-
data signatures. If -D is added to -r the RAID metadata gets
dumped into a subdirectory named dmraid.format_name (eg. for-
mat_name = isw) in files named devicename.dat. The byte offset
where the metadata is located on the device is written into
files named devicename.offset and the size of the device in sec-
tors into files named devicename.size.
If -E is added to -r the RAID metadata on the devices gets con-
ditionally erased. Useful to erase old metadata after new one
of different type has been stored on a device in order to avoid
discovering both. If you enter -E option -D will be enforced in
order to have a fallback in case the wrong metadata got erased.
Manual copying back onto the device is needed to recover from
erasing the wrong metadata using the dumped files device-
name_formatname.dat and devicename_formatname.offset. Eg, to
restore all *.dat files in the working directory to the respec-
tive devices:
for f in *.dat
do
dd if=$f of=/dev/${f%%.dat} \
seek=‘cat ${f%%dat}offset‘ bs=1
done
If device-path(s) is/are given on the command line, the above
actions are restricted to those listed. Add -c to display RAID
device names only and -cc for CSV column output of RAID device
properties. See description of -c above for FIELD identifiers.
--separator SEPARATOR
Use SEPARATOR as a delimiter for all options taking or display-
ing lists.
-s... [a|i] [RAID-set...]
Display properties of RAID sets. Multiple RAID set names can be
given on the command line which don’t need to be fully specified
(eg, "dmraid -s hpt" would display all discovered Highpoint RAID
sets). Enter -s twice to display RAID subsets too. Add -c to
display names of RAID sets only, -cc for CSV column output of
RAID set properties and -ccc for inclusion of block devices in
the listing. Doesn’t imply -s -s to show RAID subsets (implied
for group sets, e.g. isw). Add -g to include information about
group RAID sets (as with Intel Software RAID) in the listing.
See description of -c above for FIELD identifiers. Note: Size
is given in sectors (not bytes).
[-v|--verbose]...
Enable verbose runtime information output. Opion can be given
multiple times increasing the verbosity level.
EXAMPLES
"dmraid -l" lists all supported metadata formats with their names along
with some descriptive information, eg:
hpt37x : (+) Highpoint HPT37X
hpt45x : (+) Highpoint HPT45X
isw : (+) Intel Software RAID
lsi : (0) LSI Logic MegaRAID
nvidia : (+) NVidia RAID
pdc : (+) Promise FastTrack
sil : (+) Silicon Image(tm) Medley(tm)
via : (+) VIA Software RAID
dos : (+) DOS partitions on SW RAIDs
(0): Discover, (+): Discover+Activate
"dmraid -ay" activates all software RAID sets discovered.
"dmraid -an" deactivates all active software RAID sets which are not
open (eg, mounted filesystem on them).
"dmraid -ay -f pdc" (pdc looked up from "dmraid -l") activates all
software RAID sets with Promise format discovered and ignores all other
supported formats.
"dmraid -r" discovers all software RAID devices supported on your sys-
tem, eg:
/dev/dm-46: hpt45x, "hpt45x_chidjhaiaa-0", striped, ok, 320172928 sec-
tors, data@ 0
/dev/dm-50: hpt45x, "hpt45x_chidjhaiaa-0", striped, ok, 320172928 sec-
tors, data@ 0
/dev/dm-54: hpt45x, "hpt45x_chidjhaiaa-1", striped, ok, 320172928 sec-
tors, data@ 0
/dev/dm-58: hpt45x, "hpt45x_chidjhaiaa-1", striped, ok, 320172928 sec-
tors, data@ 0
"dmraid -s -s hpt45x_chidjhaiaa" displays properties of set
"hpt45x_chidjhaiaa", eg:
*** Superset
name : hpt45x_chidjhaiaa
size : 640345856
stride : 128
type : raid10
status : ok
subsets: 2
dev : 4
spare : 0
---> Subset
name : hpt45x_chidjhaiaa-0
size : 640345856
stride : 128
type : stripe
status : ok
subsets: 0
dev : 2
spare : 0
---> Subset
name : hpt45x_chidjhaiaa-1
size : 640345856
stride : 128
type : stripe
status : ok
subsets: 0
dev : 2
spare : 0
"dmraid -s -ccs hpt45" displays properties in column format of all sets
and subsets with hpt45* format, eg:
hpt45x_chidjhaiaa,640345856,128,raid10,ok,4,0
hpt45x_chidjhaiaa-a,640345856,128,stripe,ok,2,0
hpt45x_chidjhaiaa-b,640345856,128,stripe,ok,2,0
"dmraid -r --sep : -cpath:size" display paths and sizes in sectors for
RAID devices in column format using ’:’ as a delimiter, eg:
/dev/dm-8:320173055
/dev/dm-12:320173055
/dev/dm-22:320173055
/dev/dm-26:320173055
/dev/dm-30:586114703
/dev/dm-34:586114703
/dev/dm-38:586114703
/dev/dm-42:586114703
/dev/dm-46:156301487
/dev/dm-50:156301487
/dev/dm-54:390624896
/dev/dm-58:390624896
/dev/dm-62:390624896
/dev/dm-66:390624896
"dmraid -f isw -C Raid0 --type 0 --strip 8k --size 20g --disk "/dev/sdb
/dev/sdc"" creates an ISW volume with a name of "Raid0", 20Gig bytes in
total, and 8kilo bytes strip size on two disks.
"dmraid -f isw -C Test0 --type 0 --disk "/dev/sdd /dev/sde"" creates an
ISW volume with the default size and strip size.
"dmraid -f isw -C Test10 --type 01 --strip 128B --disk "/dev/sda
/dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd" creates a stacked RAID device, RAID10 (isw
format), with a name of "Test10", 128 blocks (512bytes) strip size ,
and the default volume size on 4 disks.
"dmraid -f isw -S -M /dev/sde" marks the device /dev/sde as a hot spare
for rebuild
"dmraid -R isw_djaggchdde_RAID1 /dev/sde" starts rebuild of the RAID
volume on device /dev/sde
DIAGNOSTICS
dmraid returns an exit code of 0 for success or 1 for error.
AUTHOR
Heinz Mauelshagen <Mauelshagen@RedHat.com>
Heinz Mauelshagen DMRAID TOOL DMRAID(8)
